Ali Pezhhan; Annahita Kamali
Volume 6, Issue 2 , Autumn 2015, Pages 1-18
Abstract
Fertility as a biological phenomenon is influenced by many factors including culture as an affective one. Culture is regarded as a basic force in the dynamism of humane population. Present research seeks to provide a deep description of the impact of cultural factors on the fertility of women aged ...
Read More
Fertility as a biological phenomenon is influenced by many factors including culture as an affective one. Culture is regarded as a basic force in the dynamism of humane population. Present research seeks to provide a deep description of the impact of cultural factors on the fertility of women aged 15-49. We have done the study used analysis research by a demographic approach. The results showed that there is a relationship between fertility on the one hand, and ethnicity, norms, religion, cultural pressure, sex priority, preventive instrument, and education, on the other hand. Among the ethnical groups, the most fertility is occurred among Turkish-speaking group. Therefore, population growth and culture development are interwoven. Cultural structure, as a support for demographic policy, plays a vital role in the control and increase of fertility.
Hasanali Pourmand; Mohammadreza Bemanian; Mohammadjavad Mahdavinejad; Sepideh Samadzadeh
Volume 6, Issue 2 , Autumn 2015, Pages 19-41
Abstract
Ethical values are of the most effective factors on the formation of Iranian traditional buildings, landscape and urban design. Literature review of architecture shows that architecture has a lot to do with ethic and there are lots of parameters which connect ethic and architecture. A review on the theories ...
Read More
Ethical values are of the most effective factors on the formation of Iranian traditional buildings, landscape and urban design. Literature review of architecture shows that architecture has a lot to do with ethic and there are lots of parameters which connect ethic and architecture. A review on the theories and practices in the traditional architecture in different eras of Iran shows that ethical values have always affected the traditional buildings and their formation process in different ways. So, the main questions of the paper are: 1. what is the place of ethical values in the traditional architecture of Iran, particularly the old city of Yazd? 2. How ethical values have affected Iranian traditional buildings and how can be recognized, specifically in the old city of Yazd? Literature review shows that the case study of this research - the old city of Yazd - is selected purposefully; considering its importance according to be located in the list of the world cultural heritage and also the specific characters of the traditional architecture of this city. Therefore, the old city of Yazd could be mentioned as one of the most appropriate selected cases to study the effects of ethical values on the traditional architecture and the formation process of its buildings. In this study we adopt the interpretive–historical research method as our inference mechanism and the data collection techniques of the research is a combination of librarian and survey method. The results of the research show that the effects of ethical values on the traditional built environment have been manifested in two ways: first, the process of traditional building formation and second, during the time of exploitation through considering the ethical principles of monotheism, humanity and preserving nature.
hamid tonkaboni
Volume 6, Issue 2 , Autumn 2015, Pages 43-65
Abstract
Bureaucratic system has a high and decisive place in the financial–official processes of developing countries, and has dramatic effects on the process of sustainable development. The role is bolded in those developing countries that have had historical bureaucratic system and their economy is mainly ...
Read More
Bureaucratic system has a high and decisive place in the financial–official processes of developing countries, and has dramatic effects on the process of sustainable development. The role is bolded in those developing countries that have had historical bureaucratic system and their economy is mainly based on the immense income of single-product selling (such as oil selling). If bribery, embezzlement, and other various forms of organized and institutionalized corruptions in the administrative system of such countries not be controlled, decreased and eradicated, it turns gradually to a kind of culture in the country official system, and rules out the possibility of any fundamental change in its administrative development. And subsequently, as a deterrent to the economic, social, political and cultural developments, makes achieving sustainable and comprehensive development impossible. The vicious and evil circle of persistent and organized official distorts, and phenomenon of ‘underdevelopment’, and their mutual affections on each other, leads those countries to always backward countries camp. Obviously, having a national will and determine decision, such countries through developing and implementing programs and strategies of control, mitigation and ultimately extirpation of this type of corruption, can break this vicious cycle, and provide appropriate grounds to become a developed country.
elham Shafaiimoghaddam; mohsen niazi; mohsen shaterian
Volume 6, Issue 2 , Autumn 2015, Pages 67-91
Abstract
Attitude towards marriage is one of the key mechanisms for predicting actual behavior in marriage. It is influenced by multiple, social, cultural and economic factors. This study aimed to investigate the causes or the various factors that affect the attitude of young people towards marriage. Because ...
Read More
Attitude towards marriage is one of the key mechanisms for predicting actual behavior in marriage. It is influenced by multiple, social, cultural and economic factors. This study aimed to investigate the causes or the various factors that affect the attitude of young people towards marriage. Because of the multidimensional nature of human and social phenomena and the multiplicity of theories about different aspects of marriage, this research attempts to combine related theories in order to offer a better understanding and explanation of negative attitudes towards marriage and the causes of marriage age rising. The study was a social survey and data collected using questionnaires and interviews. The sample included the active population (65-15 years) of the city of Kashan in 2012. Using Cochran sampling formula, 620 participants were selected for the study. Results showed that there were meaningful relationships between negative attitudes towards marriage on the one hand, and familial conditions, economic situation, high expectations, unemployment, high cost of marriage, moral deviations, improper media functions, and the fear of the future, on the other hand. Attenuation of religious beliefs (F =15.57) and high costs of marriage (F= 10.49) were the strongest predictors in the study.
Asghar Fouladi; Navideh Shahnematigavgani
Volume 6, Issue 2 , Autumn 2015, Pages 93-109
Abstract
One of the most essential features of a healthy Society is its well–developed families. Divorce which will hinder the progress of both families and society is one of the main difficulties that a family can encounter. In order to avoid it we should not only try to find the main cause behind that ...
Read More
One of the most essential features of a healthy Society is its well–developed families. Divorce which will hinder the progress of both families and society is one of the main difficulties that a family can encounter. In order to avoid it we should not only try to find the main cause behind that but also we should attempt to decrease its rate. This study seeks to find the main causes of divorce phenomena in Azerbaijan-e Shargi province – Tabriz city, in 1392. The acquired information is gathered from the records of the divorce demandants who have referred to family consultation services in Shafa clinic during 1390 –1392 and the demandants are chosen randomly by the sampling method. This information is analyzed by descriptive statistics. Results indicate that all divorce causes have been classified into four categories. They respectfully are social factors (40%), personal and individual factors (34%), economic factors (13%), and cultural factors (10%). The complete subcategories and its effective frequency will be discussed in details in the paper.
Mohsen Golparvar
Volume 6, Issue 2 , Autumn 2015, Pages 111-131
Abstract
Cultural values and moral ideologies through the creation of a system of cognitive, moral and cultural reference for people, affect the collective and personal behavioral decisions. This effect comes into play through the creation of congruence between a special value or ideology and special behavior. ...
Read More
Cultural values and moral ideologies through the creation of a system of cognitive, moral and cultural reference for people, affect the collective and personal behavioral decisions. This effect comes into play through the creation of congruence between a special value or ideology and special behavior. People in the workplaces, with a desire to one or more cultural value or moral ideology, may behave unethically. This study aimed to investigate the role of moral ideologies (Idealism, Relativism and Machiavellianism) and cultural values (materialism and power distance) in unethical behavior, after controlling for the occupational stress and burnout. The research statistical population was employees of a chemicals manufacture, of which 287 persons were selected by convenience sampling. Our research tools were Idealism, Relativism, Materialism, power distance, Machiavellianism, job stress, burnout and unethical behaviors questionnaires respectively. Data were analyzed by the use of Pearson’s correlation coefficient and hierarchical regression analysis. The results showed that after controlling for occupational stress, idealism and power distance are able to predict unethical behavior (22.3% of variance). But when burnout was controlled, idealization, materialism and power distance were predicted unethical behavior (20.7% of variance).
