Ebrahim Ekhlasi; Yaser Rastegar; Zahra Rasekhi
Abstract
The study of the social as well as aesthetic representation of body in public sphere has been one the most popular research agenda during the recent decade in Iran. Dispersion of the research results regarding the mentioned representation clearly divulge the necessity of performing a meta-analysis of ...
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The study of the social as well as aesthetic representation of body in public sphere has been one the most popular research agenda during the recent decade in Iran. Dispersion of the research results regarding the mentioned representation clearly divulge the necessity of performing a meta-analysis of the studies oriented toward the social construction of the body. Consequently, a relatively comprehensive image of the achievements as well as the challenges relating to the stated topic can be perceived. The purpose of the present study is to numerate the variables related to the body management and suggest a typology of them. The main question tried to be answered is “Which variables have attracted the attention of Iranian social studies researchers studying the phenomenon of body management?” Meta-analysis of 29 purposefully selected research papers show that the biological as well as natural bodies of the social actors have been changed into to a kind of social construction through the impact of 48 independent variables. Generally speaking, these mentioned variables can be categorized in terms of four types including social, cultural psychological and demographic ones as well. Social variables have the highest frequency of usage in 57/8% of the meta-analyzed studies while cultural variables have the lowest frequency of usage in 27/2% of the mentioned studies. In 78/2% of the reviewed studies, researchers have emphasized the impact of psychological variables on the social construction of the body. To put it differently, it can be concluded that lower levels of significance have been attached to the social and cultural variables than those allocated to psychological and demographic ones in the studies reviewed in this research paper. The absence of offering practical solutions related to mechanisms of the social construction of the body as well as neglection of the types and forms of relation between social construction of the body and different aspects of dominant of religious-political discourse are the two important dimensions missed by the authors of the purposefully selected research papers.
Hossein Afrasiabi; Tahereh Shariatinasab
Abstract
Tattoos are rooted in ancient social rite, which in the past were treated as rite of passage, but nowadays, most signify aesthetic concepts and acts of protest. These bodily writings testify to the representation of various functions of the body and an example of individual agency in the right to control ...
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Tattoos are rooted in ancient social rite, which in the past were treated as rite of passage, but nowadays, most signify aesthetic concepts and acts of protest. These bodily writings testify to the representation of various functions of the body and an example of individual agency in the right to control and ownership of the body. The present research seeks to explore women’s reasons and interpretation of tattoo and its meaningful redefinition. In this research, the qualitative method and Grounded theory were used for implementation and data analysis. The participants of this research were 12 women from 19 to 36 years old in Yazd who were selected by purposeful sampling method. The collected data from semi-structured interviews were analyzed during open, axial, and selective coding process, which obtained 8 main categories. These categories include connote, self-expression, normative body, influence of neighbors (contact impact or juxtaposition effect), observational parts, symbolic signifiers, pleasure seeking and the prevention custom and tradition, which ultimately, the final category of iconoclastic Self-determination derived from integration of the main categories.
Mohammad Reza Alam; Shahram Jalilian; mohammad afsari rad
Abstract
The Qajar kings managed to spread their political dominance, characterized by despotism, over Iranian society through the expansion and development of burocracy prior to the constitutional revelution. In this regard the current study purports to investigate the relience of political despotism on ...
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The Qajar kings managed to spread their political dominance, characterized by despotism, over Iranian society through the expansion and development of burocracy prior to the constitutional revelution. In this regard the current study purports to investigate the relience of political despotism on burocracy during this period using Weber's model of patrimonialism. In the Qajar political structure, the king presiding over all issues of political authoriry, acted as a patrimonial ruler. The king appointed burocratic staff at will, based on self-designated criteria, controlling them through strict surveillance, and removing them from burocratic circles when threatening his power. The burocrats in return acting as his devotees, focused their efforts on consalidating his traditional dominance over society, knowing that their survival was directly dependent upon their performance in this respect. In Weberian traditional authority, despotism is a dimension of authoritarinism accomplished under special conditions, including the existence of a dependent state burocracy which actes as the executive arm of the patrimonial ruler.
Farzaneh Baaziar; Hamid Abdollahian; Taghi Azadarmaki; mehrdad Navabakhsh
Abstract
The purpose of this search is to study the lifestyles of men in advertisements of family journals. Thus, using Giddens's theory of life style and semiotic method, Bart seeks to answer the following question: Advertising is the story of contemporary family journals of lifestyle based on male gender stereotypes? ...
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The purpose of this search is to study the lifestyles of men in advertisements of family journals. Thus, using Giddens's theory of life style and semiotic method, Bart seeks to answer the following question: Advertising is the story of contemporary family journals of lifestyle based on male gender stereotypes? In this regard, individual identity, social identity, anesthetization of everyday life, commodity fetishism and body management as theoretical components of lifestyle in family journals are the field of research of family journals. The research findings based on the statistical sample of four journals: Sib-e-Sabz, Zendegi-e-Ideal, Zendegi-e- Irani and Zendegi-e-Mosbat, suggest that adverts of new life styles represent consumption-based masculinity. Men are more likely to be in shopping and leisure mode, they are consuming cosmetics, and are trying to get closer to the roles that were previously in the women's lifestyle. Meanwhile, the modern concept of masculinity is interwoven with the male body.
Alireza Hassanzadeh
Abstract
Criticism of modernization and urbanization includes one of discursive approaches produced by artistic and literary works In Pahlavi era. Thiscriticism that is present in a wide range of meaning systems of philosophical, artistic/ literary works, contends rural purity and innocence versus aliened and ...
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Criticism of modernization and urbanization includes one of discursive approaches produced by artistic and literary works In Pahlavi era. Thiscriticism that is present in a wide range of meaning systems of philosophical, artistic/ literary works, contends rural purity and innocence versus aliened and polluted cultures of modernized cities. One concrete example of this works, whose influence has remained up to now, is the City of Tales performance and play, composed by BijanMofid. This artistic/ literary work is embedded in Iranian people collective and contemporary memory. As such this work depicts an inter / multi-generational work that transcends time of its composition. This article is aimed to scrutinize discursive system and meaning of this play and draw a comparison between given play and other works that show a same discursive content and background of creation. It seems a same discursive meaning can be observed as the result of an inter-textual and interactional relationship between Iranian intellectuality and philosophical utterances and literary/artistic expressions through social context and backgrounds.
mohammadsalar kasraie; atena gholamniaramy
Abstract
The study of the curriculum of each discipline is especially important in terms of examining the relationship between science and skill. The paper deals with historical- critical approach to the analysis of social science curricula and assessing relationship between science and skills development and ...
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The study of the curriculum of each discipline is especially important in terms of examining the relationship between science and skill. The paper deals with historical- critical approach to the analysis of social science curricula and assessing relationship between science and skills development and employment of graduates. The theoretical framework has been formulated using the approaches of SKYROW (2008), contemporary philosophers approach to science and skill ratio as well as BLOOM s educational theory (2009). The method of study is critical historiography and the data were collected by a combination of documentary and in- depth interviews. The research findings were analyzed by qualitative method of structural and interpretive analysis. The results show that educational programs in social science in Iran lack advanced standards and in their content there is no appropriate and balance ratio between theoretical knowledge and practical skills. Another result is a deep gap between the supply of graduates, the institution of the university and their demand, the institution of economics (Labor Market).
