A relatively complex issue titled continuity and discontinuity of scientific traditions of middle ages and their influence in the rise of the scientific Renaissance, has been a broad subject for serious dispute among scholars and leading experts of the history of science in the early twentieth century. ...
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A relatively complex issue titled continuity and discontinuity of scientific traditions of middle ages and their influence in the rise of the scientific Renaissance, has been a broad subject for serious dispute among scholars and leading experts of the history of science in the early twentieth century. The problem is that some west scientists believed that the scientific renaissance owes its beginning and birth only to classical science and a chain of modern discoveries and intellectual development and changes in the basic concepts. On the other hand, it emphasized that scientific revolution takes its force and power only from a new concept of nature or new concept of research special method on the secrets of nature. According to this theory ‘the science of the middle Ages’ and in particular ‘the Islamic scientific traditions and continuity and discontinuity and also its role in and impact on the formation of a scientific renaissance’ are absurd. Now the question is that what was scientific place of the middle Ages in the science? Or, in the relatively long period of the middle Ages, that the classical science in the Christian west is in decline, where and at what point of the world, except vast areas of Islamic civilization, this scientific tradition was growing, and finally transferred as the cumulative knowledge to the Christian west? Weren’t western scientists in the Christian west who mastered all the piles of Islamic and Greek scientific works and recourses through scientific and analytical criticism and assessment, and have changed intellectual life of the land?
So, the classical science and discoveries and developments of the Renaissance are not the only causes of the scientific renaissance; the scientific continuation of the middle Ages and specially Islamic scientific traditions as an important parts of the fundamentals of scientific renaissance has a special place in this area. I have tried to refer to some elements of Islamic scientific traditions and their continuity in and influence on scientific renaissance
The formation and evolution procedure of cultural and academic institutes in the Christian West is a complicated and difficult issue to study, and is hardly survivable. In this paper, based on valid references, the opinions of some remarkable historians of science and middle-ages scholars, regarding ...
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The formation and evolution procedure of cultural and academic institutes in the Christian West is a complicated and difficult issue to study, and is hardly survivable. In this paper, based on valid references, the opinions of some remarkable historians of science and middle-ages scholars, regarding the advent and establishment of academic institutes and centers, are examined, and consequently a relatively exact date of the formations of the centers is obtained. Then the relation between professors and students, the course titles and educational details of the centers will be pointed out in brief. In this regard, on one hand, the thought and religious challenges in academic environments are investigated, and on the other hand, the behaviors of Church masters and their positioning are studied. Finally, I indicate to a combination of rationalization and science which is the results of these disputes, and was the source of development in European civilization and then a scientific revolution at the end of middle-ages
