Abstract :This qualitative phenomenological study, investigated the lived experiences of 19 male Iranian university students with prior mandatory military service. Participants were selected via purposive sampling with maximum variation across academic levels. Data collected through semi-structured interviews (until theoretical saturation) were analyzed using thematic analysis. The analysis confirmed expected positive functions of service (e.g., gaining discipline, self-esteem). However, it also revealed significant unintended negative consequences and latent dysfunctions. Participants clearly reported adverse outcomes like perceived wasted time and delays in their academic/career paths. Over time, the initial sense of duty and sanctity towards service diminished or transformed into more critical attitudes for many. A growing participant awareness of the societal importance of skill acquisition and specialization highlighted an inherent contradiction with the current structure and lengthy duration of military service. Given the identification of these unintended consequences and latent dysfunctions within Merton's framework, coupled with participants' reports of the structure conflicting with individual and societal needs, the study underscores the necessity for revising both the duration and content of mandatory military service activities as a crucial reform..