History textbooks, as key educational resources, play an important role in shaping national identity and collective memory. This study aimed to quantitatively examine and analyze the content of images included in 138 history textbooks from the era of Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi. By extracting 3,730 images and categorizing them into four main axes (historical figures, civilization, war, and historical maps), a statistical analysis of the frequency and semantic patterns of visual representations was conducted. The theoretical framework of the study is based on Stuart Hall's theory of representation, which considers representation as an active and ideological process in the production of meaning and the consolidation of official discourses. The results show that images of historical figures and civilizational manifestations have the greatest contribution, while war representations are insignificant. These patterns demonstrate the reproduction of hegemonic discourses and the legitimization of the Pahlavi regime. The findings emphasize that visual representation in textbooks is an important tool for shaping historical memory and establishing national identity from an ideological perspective. By combining quantitative analysis and representation theory, this study fills research gaps in the field of history education and educational policies and provides the basis for rethinking educational approaches.