Analytical study of the relationship between society and religion in Emile Durkheim's thought

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Authors

1 Associate professor, Department of social sciences, faculty of Economics and social sciences, shahid chamran university of ahvaz,, ahvaz , Iran.

2 PhD student in Sociology of Iranian Social Issues, Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.

10.30465/scs.2024.50030.2912

Abstract

There are various theories about the origin of religion, such as "animism" and "naturalism", which Durkheim examines and rejects in his third important and famous work, "The Fundamental Forms of Religious Life". The present research is of the basic research type and the means of collecting information in it is the first-hand library sources. The purpose of this research is to examine Durkheim's theory about the origin of religion. In this research, an attempt is made to analyze and express the strengths and weaknesses of Durkheim's theory about religion with an analytical-descriptive approach. The research results show that there have been many criticisms of Durkheim's explanation about the origin of religion, and these criticisms can be divided into four methodological, functionalist, theoretical-anthropological and post-colonial categories. In examining the origin of religion, Durkheim goes to the most primitive tribes, i.e. Australian tribes and Totemism, and tries to prove; The origin of religion is nothing but society. Durkheim's strong attachment to society has made him take a social result from every phenomenon and consider everything as a product of society.

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