روش تاریخ‌نگاری علم و جامعه شناسی تاریخی علم میشل فوکو

Michel Foucault is a widely read and liberal scholar, his readings are diverse and the scope of his research and historical writings is broad. Foucault was a contemporary of the decline of the foundations of modernity, and of the revolution in physics (relativity and quantum) and psychology. Being contemporary with these two events in scientific and philosophical history was enough to spark in Foucault's mind the idea of a revolution in the field of social and human sciences.

Most of Foucault's innovative works that have made him famous scientifically belong to the category of history of thought and thought, and since Foucault's methodology is such that throughout his historiographical works, he constantly addresses the mutual causal relationships between science and society and the correlation between the two, by referring to the statistical community and social sampling, The examination of Foucault's method of historiography of science is inextricably intertwined with his philosophical and historical sociology of science perspectives. In this article, by describing Foucault's works on the history of science and their discursive analysis, we aim to show the postmodern position of Foucault's intellectual system in the historiography of science and the historical sociology of science.