Bullying is common among students and requires researchers’ attention to identify the factors affecting it. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of investigating the phenomenon of bullying among middle school students. The research method was qualitative and phenomenological. The statistical population of the research consisted of principals and teachers working in the first level of secondary education in the city of Salas Babajani. A total of 21 individuals were selected purposefully using snowball sampling as the sample, and the rule of theoretical saturation was used to determine the adequacy of the sample. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were used to collect data. The data were analyzed using a three-stage coding method. The results of the data analysis showed that bullying among middle school students is mostly traditional and verbal. Six central categories—social modeling, family factors, weak communication skills, academic factors, individual characteristics, and deficiencies in life skills—were identified as factors affecting bullying. Rejection, academic avoidance, and social harms were identified as three central categories of the consequences of bullying among students. Four central categories—education, counseling and support, legal measures, and skill training—were extracted as solutions to reduce bullying among students.