The present article, focusing on the Constitutional Revolution as an ontological turning point in Iran’s modern history, reexamines the process of the formation of the national state and the construction of a new political identity in light of the theories of Benedict Anderson and Eric Hobsbawm.



The central question of this study is how the Constitutional Revolution, as both a discursive and historical event, contributed to the construction of the modern political subject and the emergence of a new national identity, and how this process can be explained through the aforementioned theoretical frameworks.



The Constitutional Revolution can be regarded as the birth of a new architecture of identity—an architecture in which “collective imagination” and “invented traditions” were not two separate constructs, but rather two interwoven and dialectically related dimensions that found meaning tnd, intellectual and political elites, through the selective reinterpretation of historical symbols and narratives, invented new national rituals and political ceremonies that consolidated the legitimacy of emerging institutions and institutionalized a sense of belonging to a collective “we.”