The administration and control of shares and equity interests in commercial companies constitute more than a merely technical legal mechanism; they are intrinsically linked to broader structures of power and ownership relations. This study aims to problematize the fundamental challenges governing the management of corporate ownership interests by examining the theoretical foundations and legal nature of shares and equity interests. Its central concern is to explain how social structures of power are reproduced within corporate governance processes and to assess the legal responsibilities of directors and shareholders with respect to corporate decision-making. Employing a descriptive-analytical methodology and an interdisciplinary approach bridging law and sociology, the research demonstrates that the distribution and control of ownership interests are shaped not only by formal legal rules but also by ongoing social interactions among stakeholders that determine the balance of power. The study concludes that achieving an equilibrium between corporate control and legal accountability requires a critical reassessment of traditional commercial relations and their alignment with the dynamic realities of contemporary society. By moving beyond purely doctrinal analysis, this approach enriches the sociology of law literature and reveals the hidden dimensions of organizational sociology and structural conflicts of interest within corporate life.